milind rahangdale
New Member
Hello,
sir we want information about wheat farm & procedure
sir we want information about wheat farm & procedure
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Wheat farming
- Thread starter milind rahangdale
- Start date
Hello Sir
Soil requirement – well drained loams and clay loams are ideal for wheat cultivation. However, good crops are raised in sandy loams and black soils also. Soil pH below 6.5 and above 7.8 are not suitable.
Season and duration – Being low temperature loving crop, it is grown in winter from end of October to February under rainfed conditions and from middle of November to March/April under irrigated conditions. Total duration of the crop ranges from 110 to 120 days under irrigated conditions and 100-110 days under rainfed conditions.
Cropping pattern:- wheat is generally taken in winter season, after the intercrop of rice in the high rainfall and assured irrigated areas. In other parts wheat is taken after sorghum, pearl millet, maize, groundnut, Soybean or other legumes (Pulses, beans). Mustard and gram are common intercrops in northern plains while rajgira, mustard and sunflower are common intercrops in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
Important Varieties:- Famous traditional varieties are Sarbati (HD-2189, HD-2278, HD-2380, NI-5439-34, NIAW-34, NIW-301), Lok -1, Sehore (also known as Lahandosh or Chandoshi), “Bansi (HD-4502, N-59, MACS-9) Bakshi, Khapli (Khirisathabh), and “Black Wheat”. All these varieties perform well under organic management and have excellent chapatti making quality.
Different sets of varieties are also recommended for rainfed, early or late irrigated systems. Under rainfed conditions, N 59, NI 5439-34 (Ajanha), MACS-9, MACS-1967 are common. Early irrigated farms grow Malvika (HD-452), HD-2380, HD 2189, HD 838, MACS 2496, DNR 162, Purna etc. Late season varieties include Sonalika, AKW-381, H1-977, HD-2501 HDM 1553, HI 177, HD 2501, Purna and AKN 1071.
Export oriented varieties are AB 1554, HD 452 (Malvika) or MACS 2846.
Seed selection – While preparing seeds for the next season, collect only the healthiest central tiller-ear and thresh them separately. After thorough cleaning and drying in sun, sieve through appropriate grading sieve to obtain uniformity in size. Ensure that selected seeds are not infected in any form and are free from diseases.
Managing crop rotation –
As wheat is high nutrient demanding crop it has to be grown in three years rotation. In first year take pure legume crop in kharif season followed by wheat crop (with mustard/rajgira as intercrop) in winter and summer Moong in summer. In the second year take millet as main crop and legume as intercrop (70:30) in kharif and gram as main crop with mustard/ Rajgira as intercrop in Rabi. In the third year take cowpea or soybean as main crop and maize/Jowar as inter crop in kharif and wheat as main crop and mustard/ Rajgira /Methi (for seeds) as intercrop followed by summer Moong (if possible). Incorporation of mixed green manure crops such as Sunhemp, Sesban, cowpea, Moong, cluster bean, Jowar, niger etc (grown for 60 days and incorporated in soil about three week in advance of wheat crop) once in three years during kharif can keep the fertility status of soil at reasonably good level
Soil requirement – well drained loams and clay loams are ideal for wheat cultivation. However, good crops are raised in sandy loams and black soils also. Soil pH below 6.5 and above 7.8 are not suitable.
Season and duration – Being low temperature loving crop, it is grown in winter from end of October to February under rainfed conditions and from middle of November to March/April under irrigated conditions. Total duration of the crop ranges from 110 to 120 days under irrigated conditions and 100-110 days under rainfed conditions.
Cropping pattern:- wheat is generally taken in winter season, after the intercrop of rice in the high rainfall and assured irrigated areas. In other parts wheat is taken after sorghum, pearl millet, maize, groundnut, Soybean or other legumes (Pulses, beans). Mustard and gram are common intercrops in northern plains while rajgira, mustard and sunflower are common intercrops in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
Important Varieties:- Famous traditional varieties are Sarbati (HD-2189, HD-2278, HD-2380, NI-5439-34, NIAW-34, NIW-301), Lok -1, Sehore (also known as Lahandosh or Chandoshi), “Bansi (HD-4502, N-59, MACS-9) Bakshi, Khapli (Khirisathabh), and “Black Wheat”. All these varieties perform well under organic management and have excellent chapatti making quality.
Different sets of varieties are also recommended for rainfed, early or late irrigated systems. Under rainfed conditions, N 59, NI 5439-34 (Ajanha), MACS-9, MACS-1967 are common. Early irrigated farms grow Malvika (HD-452), HD-2380, HD 2189, HD 838, MACS 2496, DNR 162, Purna etc. Late season varieties include Sonalika, AKW-381, H1-977, HD-2501 HDM 1553, HI 177, HD 2501, Purna and AKN 1071.
Export oriented varieties are AB 1554, HD 452 (Malvika) or MACS 2846.
Seed selection – While preparing seeds for the next season, collect only the healthiest central tiller-ear and thresh them separately. After thorough cleaning and drying in sun, sieve through appropriate grading sieve to obtain uniformity in size. Ensure that selected seeds are not infected in any form and are free from diseases.
Managing crop rotation –
As wheat is high nutrient demanding crop it has to be grown in three years rotation. In first year take pure legume crop in kharif season followed by wheat crop (with mustard/rajgira as intercrop) in winter and summer Moong in summer. In the second year take millet as main crop and legume as intercrop (70:30) in kharif and gram as main crop with mustard/ Rajgira as intercrop in Rabi. In the third year take cowpea or soybean as main crop and maize/Jowar as inter crop in kharif and wheat as main crop and mustard/ Rajgira /Methi (for seeds) as intercrop followed by summer Moong (if possible). Incorporation of mixed green manure crops such as Sunhemp, Sesban, cowpea, Moong, cluster bean, Jowar, niger etc (grown for 60 days and incorporated in soil about three week in advance of wheat crop) once in three years during kharif can keep the fertility status of soil at reasonably good level