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manojsinghchandel
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Vegetable Nursery
In India the production of vegetable seedling is gradually changing from openfield nurseries to protected raised bed or seedling tray production in some of the intensivevegetables growing areas. Seedling production as a specialised practice is also fast catchingup. However, establishment of shade net nursery by every individual farmer owning a smallpiece of land under vegetable cultivation is not practically feasible and economically viable.Such farmers had to depend only on commercial nurseries for getting hybrid vegetableseedlings to meet their requirement. Establishment of a shade net nursery for production ofseedlings of F1 hybrids of vegetables would be of greater help to meet the growing demandfor vegetable hybrid seedlings
a. Establishment of a shade net nurseryA shade net nursery of 20 m x 10m dimension was erected using GI pipes as asupport. UV stabilized HDPE shade net of 50 per cent shade intensity is used to cover thenursery area at a height of 6.5 feet. Wire grid is provided at the top of the structure as supportfor shade net. To prevent insect entry, 40 mesh UV stabilized nylon insect proof net is fitted on all the four sides of the nursery. Provision is also made to pull polythene sheet over thepro-trays in the event of rainfall by way of making low tunnel structure. For preparing lowtunnel structure, 3/4" LLDPE pipes and 400 gauge UV stabilized polyethylene sheet wereused.b. Seedling production using seedling trays Seedling production of F1 hybrids of tomato, Chillies, capsicum, cauliflower andbrinjal as well as flowering annuals, using seedling trays with coco peat as media could beused. Presently the seedlings of vegetables are raised and distributed to the beneficiariesunder Precision Farming Project of Government of Puducherry at Karaikal, which wouldrealise income to the Institute farm. Sterilized commercial coco peat is being used as growingmedia, as it reduces the incidence of seedling diseases and contains right amount of moisturein it. The coco peat is a by-product of coir industry and it has high water holding capacity. As it contains low nutrients and high lignin content foliar feeding ofwater soluble fertilisers is practiced. c. Raising and Management• The seedling tray (pro tray) is filled with the growing medium (coco peat) • A small depression (0.5 cm) is made with fingertip in the center of the cell of the protray for sowing. • One seed per cell is sown and covered with medium. • Coco peat with 300 to 400 per cent moisture is used and hence no immediateirrigation is required until germination. • After sowing 10 trays are kept one over other for 3 to 6 days, depending on the crops.The entire stack will be covered using polyethylene sheet to ensure conservation ofmoisture until germination. The stacked trays are spread once the germinationcommences to avoid etiolation. • The trays are shifted to net house on germination of seedlings and spread over thebeds • The trays are irrigated lightly every day depending upon the prevailing weatherconditions by using a fine sprinkling rose can or with hose pipe fitted with rose.. • Drenching the trays with fungicides as a precautionary measure against seedlingmortality is also being done. • Spraying of 0.3 per cent (3g / litre) water soluble fertilizer using poly feed (19 allwith trace elements) twice (12 and 20 days after sowing) is practiced to enhance thegrowth of the seedlings. • The trays are provided with protective cover from rain by covering with polyethylenesheets in the form of low tunnel whenever it rains. • The seedlings at right stage of planting are hardened by withholding irrigation andreducing the shade before transplanting or selling to the growers. • Systemic insecticides are sprayed 7 - 10 days after germination and beforetransplanting for managing the insect vectors. • The seedlings would be ready in about 21-42 days for transplanting to the main fielddepending upon the crop
Regds
In India the production of vegetable seedling is gradually changing from openfield nurseries to protected raised bed or seedling tray production in some of the intensivevegetables growing areas. Seedling production as a specialised practice is also fast catchingup. However, establishment of shade net nursery by every individual farmer owning a smallpiece of land under vegetable cultivation is not practically feasible and economically viable.Such farmers had to depend only on commercial nurseries for getting hybrid vegetableseedlings to meet their requirement. Establishment of a shade net nursery for production ofseedlings of F1 hybrids of vegetables would be of greater help to meet the growing demandfor vegetable hybrid seedlings
a. Establishment of a shade net nurseryA shade net nursery of 20 m x 10m dimension was erected using GI pipes as asupport. UV stabilized HDPE shade net of 50 per cent shade intensity is used to cover thenursery area at a height of 6.5 feet. Wire grid is provided at the top of the structure as supportfor shade net. To prevent insect entry, 40 mesh UV stabilized nylon insect proof net is fitted on all the four sides of the nursery. Provision is also made to pull polythene sheet over thepro-trays in the event of rainfall by way of making low tunnel structure. For preparing lowtunnel structure, 3/4" LLDPE pipes and 400 gauge UV stabilized polyethylene sheet wereused.b. Seedling production using seedling trays Seedling production of F1 hybrids of tomato, Chillies, capsicum, cauliflower andbrinjal as well as flowering annuals, using seedling trays with coco peat as media could beused. Presently the seedlings of vegetables are raised and distributed to the beneficiariesunder Precision Farming Project of Government of Puducherry at Karaikal, which wouldrealise income to the Institute farm. Sterilized commercial coco peat is being used as growingmedia, as it reduces the incidence of seedling diseases and contains right amount of moisturein it. The coco peat is a by-product of coir industry and it has high water holding capacity. As it contains low nutrients and high lignin content foliar feeding ofwater soluble fertilisers is practiced. c. Raising and Management• The seedling tray (pro tray) is filled with the growing medium (coco peat) • A small depression (0.5 cm) is made with fingertip in the center of the cell of the protray for sowing. • One seed per cell is sown and covered with medium. • Coco peat with 300 to 400 per cent moisture is used and hence no immediateirrigation is required until germination. • After sowing 10 trays are kept one over other for 3 to 6 days, depending on the crops.The entire stack will be covered using polyethylene sheet to ensure conservation ofmoisture until germination. The stacked trays are spread once the germinationcommences to avoid etiolation. • The trays are shifted to net house on germination of seedlings and spread over thebeds • The trays are irrigated lightly every day depending upon the prevailing weatherconditions by using a fine sprinkling rose can or with hose pipe fitted with rose.. • Drenching the trays with fungicides as a precautionary measure against seedlingmortality is also being done. • Spraying of 0.3 per cent (3g / litre) water soluble fertilizer using poly feed (19 allwith trace elements) twice (12 and 20 days after sowing) is practiced to enhance thegrowth of the seedlings. • The trays are provided with protective cover from rain by covering with polyethylenesheets in the form of low tunnel whenever it rains. • The seedlings at right stage of planting are hardened by withholding irrigation andreducing the shade before transplanting or selling to the growers. • Systemic insecticides are sprayed 7 - 10 days after germination and beforetransplanting for managing the insect vectors. • The seedlings would be ready in about 21-42 days for transplanting to the main fielddepending upon the crop
Regds