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Goat is a multi functional animal and plays a significant role in the economy and nutrition of landless, small and marginal farmers in the country. Goat rearing is an enterprise which has been practiced by a large section of population in rural areas. Goats can efficiently survive on available shrubs and trees in adverse harsh environment in low fertility lands where no other crop can be grown.
Goats are kept as a source of additional income and as an insurance against disaster. Goats are also used in ceremonial feastings and for the payment of social dues.
The initial investment needed for Goat farming is low.
Due to small body size and docile nature, housing requirements and manage mental problems with goats are less.
Goats are friendly animals and enjoy being with the people.
Goats are prolific breeders and achieve sexual maturity at the age of 10-12 months gestation period in goats is short and at the age of 16-17 months it starts giving milk. Twinning is very common and triplets and quadruplets are rare.
Goats are 2.5 times more economical than sheep on free range grazing under semi arid conditions.
Goat creates employment to the rural poor besides effectively utilizing unpaid family labor. There is ample scope for establishing cottage industries based on goat meat and milk products and value addition to skin and fiber.
Goat is termed as walking refrigerator for the storage of milk and can be milked number of times in a day.
A properly fed and managed milky goat will yield at least as much milk (on average two liters per day) as low yielding desi cows.
The she-goat delivers 2-4 kids at each parturition after a short gestation period of 150 days.
Loan from banks with refinance facility from NABARD is available for starting Goat farming. For obtaining bank loan, the farmers should apply to the nearest branch of a Commercial or Co-operative or Regional Rural Bank in their area in the prescribed application form which is available in the branches of financing bank.
Important goat breeds are: Jamunapari, Beetal, Jakharana, Sirohi, Marwari