Water and Dairy Cattle.

Water constitutes 60 to 70 percent of a livestock animal’s body. Water is necessary for maintaining body fluids and proper ion balance; digesting, absorbing, and metabolizing nutrients; eliminating waste material and excess heat from the body; providing a
fluid environment for the fetus; and transporting nutrients to and from body tissues. Dairy cattle get the water
they need by drinking and consuming feed that
contains water, as well as...

Prevention and Control
FMD is one of the most difficult animal infections to
control. Because the disease occurs in many parts of
the world, there is always a chance of its accidental
introduction into India.
Animals and animal byproducts from areas known
to be affected are prohibited entry into this country.
Livestock animals in this country are highly susceptible
to FMD viruses. If an outbreak occurred in
India, this disease could...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a severe, highly
contagious viral disease of cattle and swine. It also
affects sheep, goats, deer, and other cloven-hooved
ruminants. FMD is not recognized as a zoonotic
disease.

The disease is characterized by fever and blisterlike
lesions followed by erosions on the tongue and
lips, in the mouth, on the teats, and between the
hooves. Most affected animals recover, but the disease
leaves them...

Always milk animals in calm and quite atmosphere preferably play light music ( if possible )

Animals that have recently calved and animals giving more milk should be milked first then the animals giving less milk or in the last phase of lactation. Animals with diseases or with mastitis should be milked separately at the end.

Animals giving up to 10 liters of milk should be milked twice a day. The frequency needs to be increased to thrice in case of production ranging...